Oracle 7

Oracle 8.0.4.0.0 Installation on SCO UnixWare 7.0.0 Installation

The following work should be done as root :

Some work needed to be done for organizational purposes on the machine first. This consisted of the following :

The operating system needs to be patches with some service level supplements from SCO. They are obtainable thru the SCO web site at ftp.sco.com. Get the following patches :

rs700 - Release Supplement (Must be installed first)
ptf7002b - MPIO update
ptf7003c - for Oracle 7’s libc/libthread version c
ptf7005 - swap corruption and hanging processes
ptf7010a - accept protocol error
ptf7011 - DLPI update
ptf7013e - libsocket version e
ptf7014a - DDI8 CDRom fix
ptf7016c - mem driver versionn c
ptf7017a - proc driver
ptf7018 - memsize
ptf7020a - sysdump
ptf7021a - NFS/RPC driver fix
ptf7027a - seg_dev driver
ptf7033a - loopback driver supplement
ptf7104 - eeE driver update (Intel EEPro 10/100)
ptf7120 - e3H driver update (3com 3c905b)

To install these patches, use syntax like the following : pkgadd -d /usr/local/Install/os_patches/pft7002b/ptf7002b

Setup the kernel environment by changing the values listed in the following entries. Use the scoadmin facility to do this, by choosing system | tuner. For an understanding of what these variables mean, look at the NCR Unix book for "Command Line Reference Manual - Volume 3" in Rich’s office. Note that these values are for a single instance only. For multiple instance installs, such as East Orange was, you may need to adjust these values.

SHMMAX (IPC) to 2147483647
SHMMNI (IPC) to 100
SHMSEG (IPC) to 15
SEMMNS N / A to 200
SEMMNI (IPC) to 100
SEMMSL (IPC) to 150
SEMMAP N / A to 1024
SCORLIM (ProcLim) to 0x7FFFFFFF
HCORLIM (ProcLim) to 0x7FFFFFFF
SDATLIM (ProcLim) to 0x7FFFFFFF
HDATLIM (ProcLim) to 0x7FFFFFFF
SVMMLIM (ProcLim) to 0x7FFFFFFF
HVMMLIM (ProcLim) to 0x7FFFFFFF
SFSZLIM (ProcLim) to 0x7FFFFFFF
HFSZLIM (ProcLim) to 0x7FFFFFFF
HFNOLIM (ProcLim) to 2048
SFNOLIM (ProcLim) to 128
NPROC (ProcLim) to 20 + (8 * MAXUSERS) to a max of 12500
ARG_MAX N / A to 1048576
NPBUF (FileSys) to 100
MAXUP (ProcLim) to 1000
STRTHRESH (Streams) to 0x500000

For the N/A types, use :

"/etc/conf/bin/idtune -m SEMMNS 200" to set
"/etc/conf/bin/idtune -g SEMMNS" to get

Reboot by typing :

cd /
shutdown -g0 -y -i6"

These are some other steps that I perform when setting up a Unix box. Some will be realized much after the install, and some much quicker. These next few are certainly not mandatory, but make life easier in the long run.

Create a directory called /usr/local/bin, which will hold local binary or executable files/scripts for local SCO machine.
Modify roots /.profile, to set interrupt key, and path’s.
Modify /etc/profile to include /usr/bin/X11 and /usr/local/bin in the default path.
Modify /etc/default/useradd to make the default home directory is /home

We dont need to load the compiler because it is already there in this release.

Now for some setup pieced need to install oracle :

Create "dba" group thru scoadmin facility
Create "oper" group thru scoadmin facility
Create "oracle" user thru scoadmin facility - member of dba group.
Find a home for oracle software - I chose /oracle
Find a name for the SID of the new database - I chose "sco8" for Unix platform and Oracle version
Setup umask and ulimit, so that umask=022 and ulimit is large enough to allow files for install.

For orainst, we must setup the oracle environment specially like this :

##### ##### Ulimit is measure in blocks, and this equates to 2gig which is ##### largest file size available in 32 bit. ##### #umask 022 #ulimit 4194303

##### ##### The following lines added by Paul A. Luzzi on 12-10-97 ##### Needed for oracle and oracle installer specifically. ##### ORACLE_HOME=/oracle ORACLE_BASE=/oracle ORACLE_DOC=/oracle/doc ORACLE_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/lbin:/usr/local/bin ORACLE_SID=sco8 ORACLE_TERM=386u ORA_CSM_MODE=line LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/lib export ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_DOC ORACLE_SID ORACLE_PATH ORACLE_TERM \ ORA_CSM_MODE LD_LIBRARY_PATH unset SRCHOME unset TWOTASK

Mount CDRom using /cdrom/mount.readme command (if there are any problems, they will be reported)
Make sure you are logged in as root.
set ORACLE_HOME=/oracle and export it
mkdir $ORACLE_HOME/orainst $ORACLE_HOME/bin and $ORACLE_HOME/doc and /var/opt/oracle
chown oracle $ORACLE_HOME/orainst $ORACLE_HOME/bin $ORACLE_HOME/doc /var/opt/oracle
chgrp dba $ORACLE_HOME/orainst $ORACLE_HOME/bin $ORACLE_HOME/doc /var/opt/oracle
chmod 775 $ORACLE_HOME/orainst $ORACLE_HOME/bin $ORACLE_HOME/doc /var/opt/oracle
ln -s /cdrom/orainst/get_platform /bin/get_platform (because one setp in the installer needs this but cant find it !!!)
set ORACLE_OWNER=oracle and export
edit /etc/group, and MAKE SURE that oracle is listed in the dba line.
Now exit out and login as oracle

The following work should be done as oracle :

cd /cdrom/orainst
set your DISPLAY variable and export
If you happen to be on the console, use an xterm like below, but if on a remote pc’s xterm like I was, you need to do nothing.

exec ksh -o vi
xterm -sb -sl 10000 -fn 6x13 &

Run the oracle installer in motif mode by typing : ./orainst /m from the /cdrom/orainst directory
./orainst (options are as follows)

Choose custom install
OK to preamble.txt
OK to readme.first
Install new product - create DB objects
Change/make sure that ORACLE_BASE=/oracle
Change/make sure that ORACLE_HOME=/oracle
Accept defaults for all log files
Choose install from cd-rom
Accept SID name from our pre-set environment
Select America/English since we wont need all languages
	(Write down the location of the postinstall script - s/b /oracle/orainst/root.sh)

Products to install are :

Net8 8.0.4.0.0
TCP/IP Protocal Adapter 8.0.4.0.0
Object Type Translator 8.0.4.0.0
Oracle Advanced Networking Option 8.0.4.0.0
Oracle Intelligent Agent 8.0.4.0.0
Oracle Options 8.0.4.0.0
Oracle Unix Installer 4.0.3.0.0
Oracle8 Enterprise (RDBMS) 8.0.4.0.0
PL/SQL 8.0.4.0.0
SCO UnixWare Specific Documentation 8.0.4.0.0
SQL*Plus 8.0.4.0.0

Totals are 20 Mb in 11 products.

Select Install from the button between the two windows. (This will actually launch some dependency checks and eventually the installer itself.

Accept preset default for DOC directory
Click on "OK" to accept the message about the ulimit.  That is "OK" because we already set it.
Select HTML for documentation format.
"dba" will be unix group name for dba’s.
select "oper" for OSOPER group
Click OK to relink executables.
Choose filesystem type for database (Very Important !!!!)
Yes to distribute the control files over 3 mount points if possible, but on single disk machines, choose no.
Mount Point will be /oracle
Character set is US7ASCII
Select system password of "******" and confirm
Select sys password of "******" and confirm
choose "YES" to change/set the internal password
Select "******" for internal password and confirm
choose 5 concurrent dba users
select "******" for tns password and confirm
select "NO" to configure MTS listener
select "YES" to create control files as named.
Select "OK" to options on size of files.
Select "YES" to accept defaults for tablespace sizes and locations.
Select "YES" to accept all of these choices
select "YES" to load SQL*Plus help facility
select "NO" to load SQL*Plus demo tables

That will begin the installation ! This should take you straight thru to completion. Any errors at all will require out of the ordinary troubleshooting and are therefore not covered in this manual.

At this point, the installation should basically be complete. You will need to take care of a few other post install steps. They follow.

The following work should be done as root (again) :

Unmount the cdrom by typing "umount /cdrom" if you get device busy, make sure you are not in that directory and try again.

Remove the Oracle 8 server cd and insert the Oracle 8 Online documentation cd.

Type : "/cdrom/mount.readme" to mount it, and just hit enter for the question asked.

The following work should be done as oracle (again) :

Make sure to be logged in as "oracle" at this point.

Start local installer by typing "orainst" from /usr1/oracle/orainst. This will launch the local version, and not the cdrom version.

Choose custom install

accept defaults until you get to "install doc only" and select it.

Accept defaults for all other values until you get to the point of choosing a home for documentation. We have already setup the $ORACLE_DOC variable, so the default should be fine for that.

For the install from device, choose "/cdrom

Select all products.

The following work should be done as root (again) :

run the root.sh scripts located in the /usr1/oracle/orainst directory.

Choose a directory of /usr/local/bin for the local bin directory.
Answer OK for ORACLE_OWNER, ORACLE_HOME, and ORACLE_SID

Reboot the machine, by typing "cd / ; shutdown -g0 -y -i6"

Remove the /etc/oratab file (only after making sure it is not newer than /var/opt/oracle/oratab) by typing : "rm /etc/oratab"

Then create a link for the /etc/oratab to the /var/opt/oracle/oratab, so that they stay the same : "ln -s /var/opt/oracle/oratab /etc/oratab". Also make sure that they are set to "Y" to autostart.

Now go and add any users to the system that need to be dba users. They must be members of the "dba" group by default, on adding.

Setup /etc/rc0.d and /etc/rc2.d for shutdown and startup scripts of the database respectively. There are examples located on the yellow diskette.

Chmod 666 /dev/async

The following work should be done as oracle (again) :

Edit $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initsco7.ora (Note that the choice for a "medium" sized database only works for single installed instance - multiple instances on the same machine, will initially have to be "small" instead of "medium") :

set "open_cursors" to 200
change all sections from small to medium (again - only for single instance install)

and set the compatible parameter.

The global names parameter should remain false for the database links to work properly.

below is a subsection of the file :

##### ##### Added by Paul A. Luzzi on 12-15-1997 ##### as per oracle's instructions on 5-3 of install book. ##### open_cursors = 200

# tuning parameters db_files = 80

db_file_multiblock_read_count = 8 # SMALL # db_file_multiblock_read_count = 16 # MEDIUM # db_file_multiblock_read_count = 32 # LARGE . . . . . . compatible = 8.0.0.0.0 global_names = FALSE

Now stop and restart the database to make sure that these changes dont cause any problems, before going any further. Use server manager in line mode to do this :

svrmgrl
SVRMGR> connect internal
Connected.
SRVMGR> shutdown immediate;
Statement processed.
SVRMGR> startup;
SVRMGR> Connected to an idle instance.
SVRMGR> ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area	457196 bytes
Fixed Size                       	54988 bytes
Variable Size                  	4218880 bytes
Database Buffers               	409600 bytes
Redo Buffers                     	73728 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SVRMGR>
Server Manager complete.

Once that looks ok, we will turn on archiving. To do this:

First, we need to add/change 3 new lines in the initsco7.ora file. The directory chosen in the log_archive_dest reflects the ORACLE_SID of the instance, so be sure to either change this for each instance in a multiple instance install, or make it an environment variable. (Need to have the directory created first) They are :

log_archive_start         = true      # if you want automatic archiving
log_archive_dest          = /oracle/dbs/arc/sco8/arc
log_archive_format        = _%S.arc

Now, stop the database

svrmgrl
SVRMGR> connect internal
Connected.
SRVMGR> shutdown immediate;
Statement processed.

Then restart the database in mount mode (Note that by not issuing a PFILE parameter, "init${ORACLE_SID}.ora" is assumed:

SVRMGR> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area  457196 bytes
Fixed Size                54988 bytes
Variable Size             4218880 bytes
Database Buffers          409600 bytes
Redo Buffers              73728 bytes
Database mounted.
SVRMGR>

Now start the archive process :

SVRMGR> alter database archivelog;
Statement processed.

Now check to see if it is in fact running :

SVRMGR> archive log list;
Database log mode              Archive Mode
Automatic archival             Enabled
Archive destination            /oracle/dbs/arc/sco8/arc
Oldest online log sequence     82
Next log sequence to archive   84
Current log sequence           84
SVRMGR>

Now open the database for use by all :

SVRMGR> alter database open;
Statement processed.

Setup the login ability as a dba, from a networked terminal now, by editing the configsco7.ora file in the same directory as the initsco7.ora file resides. Add the following line as the last line in the file :

remote_login_passwordfile = exclusive

Now stop and restart the database. You should already know how to do that.

Now we need to setup the listener and naming files for the database. Edit the $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin versions of the files, and then link them to /etc. There are samples included on the orange diskette. I recommend the prebuild …/network/admin versions. Link them into the /etc directory. If they need to be edited for the database name, do so now.

If not already done, we now need to make a link from the /etc/oratab file to /var/opt/oracle/oratab - (This is so that the dbsnmp listener will startup, and we can use Oracle Enterprise Manager).

Copy $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora to /etc/listener.ora. Do the same copy for tnsnames.ora.

Before starting up the listener, we need to add a line to the /etc/services file that looks like :

tcptlisrv 1530/tcp tnslsnr # Oracle 8.0 network listener

and make sure that the listener.ora and tnsnames.ora files, all reference the proper port number of 1530

Now finally we should be able to startup the listener. We do so by typing (as oracle) :

lsnrctl start (for the database listener daemon - regular connections)

lsnrctl dbsnmp_start (for the Oracle Enterprise Manager listener daemon)

Now we should be able to connect in from a client side sqlplus or server manager if available.

Create tablespace EDUMET, for storage of all of our products. Use either server manager (GUI Windows version if still operational, or Server Manager in line mode). Choose to create a new tablespace, and use a datafile of ‘/usr?/oradata/sco7/???.dbf’. If using OEM or some other graphical utility, choose to autoextend if the option exists.

If you couldnt autoextend above, then modify the tablespaces/datafiles for USERS and EDUMET, to make them autoextend now. Below is one example. You will need to change the names of the datafiles, and tablespaces. Do this by bringing up a unix window as oracle and using server manager in line mode :

svrmgrl
SVRMGR> connect internal
Connected.
SRVMGR> alter tablespace edumet offline;
Statement processed.
SVRMGR> alter database datafile ‘/usr5/oradata/sco7/edumet_1.dbf’ autoextend on;
Statement processed.
SVRMGR> alter tablespace edumet online;

Do the same thing for any other tablespaces that you need this option.

The following steps were performed for the install of the Office machine. The client sites will not need this stuff. So it is provided strictly for reading purposes.

Create a user called "edumet" in the system using a default tablespace of "edumet" that we just created.

Get a copy of the nightly export from the "sco7" sid, which should be located in /usr1/oracle/backups on the sco box.

Now ftp that new export file over from "sco" to "Gemini".

Import it into the sco8 database now. To import it, we basically do the opposite.

As oracle :
  imp (to launch the oracle import utility)
  enter username/password of edumet/edumet  (note that the edumet user must have import_database role)
  filename is /tmp/edumet.exp (or whatever you ftp’d it as/to)
  Make sure to ignore errors durring creation, but accept defaults for all the rest
  when you get to "import whole file ?" - answer no, and use just user edumet.

Lastly, I always make a symbolic link for the oracle instance init files and alert logs into the $ORACLE_HOME/db_mgmt directory for easy viewing. Below are examples of how to do so for the sco7 database sid.

ln -s /oracle/admin/sco8/pfile/initsco8.ora /oracle/db_mgmt/initsco7.ora
ln -s /oracle/admin/sco8/pfile/configsco8.ora /oracle/db_mgmt/configsco7.ora
ln -s /oracle/rdbms/log/alert_sco8.ora /oracle/db_mgmt/alert_sco7.ora

We also had to manually set the /etc/oratab file to a Y for startup of the sco8 database. Otherwise, when the machine boots, the database stays down.

We are currently getting a message on the server’s console, and the clients sessions (when unix based) stating that "open of async device failed: Permission denied".